3. Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokungenisa umoya
3.1 Ukubalwa kweeparamitha ezifanelekileyo zokuhambisa
3.1.1 Ukuxhathisa umoya kwitonela yokukhupha umoya
Ukuxhathisa komoya kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela ngokwethiyori kubandakanya ukuxhathisa komoya, ukuchasana komoya okudibeneyo, ukuxhathisa komoya kwe-elbow kumbhobho wokuphefumla, itonela ye-ventilation duct yokuphuma komoya (i-press-in ventilation) okanye itonela yokungena komoya. (ukukhupha umoya), kwaye ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokungenisa umoya, kukho iifomyula zokubala ezinzima ezihambelanayo.Nangona kunjalo, kwizicelo ezibonakalayo, ukuxhathisa komoya kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela akunxulumananga kuphela nezi zinto zingasentla, kodwa kukwanxulumene ngokusondeleyo nomgangatho wolawulo njengokuxhoma, ukugcinwa, kunye noxinzelelo lomoya lombhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela.Ngoko ke, kunzima ukusebenzisa ifomula yokubala ehambelanayo yokubala ngokuchanekileyo.Ngokomndilili olinganisiweyo wokuxhathisa umoya oziimitha ezili-100 (kuquka ukuxhathisa komoya wasekhaya) njengedatha yokulinganisa umgangatho wolawulo kunye noyilo lombhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela.Umyinge wokumelana nomoya weemitha ezili-100 unikezwa ngumenzi kwinkcazo yeeparamitha zemveliso yefektri.Ke ngoko, ukubala ifomula yokubala itonela lokungena komoya:
R=R100•L/100 Ns2/m8(5)
Apho:
R - Ukuxhathisa umoya kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela,Ns2/m8
R100-Umndilili wokuxhathisa umoya we-tunnel ventilation duct 100 yeemitha, ukumelana nomoya kwi-100m ngokufutshane,Ns2/m8
L - Ubude be-Ducting, m, L / 100 iquka i-coefficient yeR100.
3.1.2 Ukuvuza komoya kumbhobho
Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ukuvuza komoya kwentsimbi kunye neeplastiki zemibhobho yokungenisa umoya enokungena komoya okuncinci kwenzeka ikakhulu kwindawo edibeneyo.Ngethuba nje unyango oludibeneyo luqiniswa, ukuvuza komoya kuncinci kwaye kunokungahoywa.I-PE ventilation ducts inokuvuza komoya kungekuphela nje kumalungu kodwa nakwiindonga zombhobho kunye neepinhole zobude obugcweleyo, ngoko ke ukuvuza komoya kwimibhobho ye-ventilation ye-tunnel iqhubekile kwaye ayilingani.Ukuvuza komoya kubangela umthamo womoyaQfekupheleni koqhagamshelwano lombhobho wokungenisa umoya kunye nefeni ukuba yahluke kumthamo womoyaQkufuphi nesiphelo sokuphuma kombhobho wokungenisa umoya (oko kukuthi, umthamo womoya ofunekayo kwitonela).Ngoko ke, intsingiselo yejometri yomthamo womoya ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kufuneka isetyenziswe njengomthamo womoyaQaUkudlula kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya, emva koko:
(6)Ngokucacileyo, umahluko phakathi kwe-Qfkwaye i-Q ngumjelo wokungenisa umoya wetonela kunye nokuvuza komoyaQL.oko ikukuthi:
QL=Qf-Q(7)
QLinxulumene nodidi lombhobho wetonela lokungena komoya, inani lamalungu, indlela kunye nomgangatho wolawulo, kunye nobubanzi bombhobho wetonela lokungena umoya, uxinzelelo lomoya, njl. njl., kodwa ikakhulu inxulumene ngokusondeleyo kugcino nolawulo umjelo wokungenisa umoya wetonela.Kukho iiparamitha ezintathu zesalathiso ukubonisa iqondo lokuvuza komoya kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya:
a.Ukuvuza komoya kumbhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonelaLe: Ipesenteji yokuvuza komoya kumjelo wetonela wokuphefumla ukuya kumthamo womoya osebenzayo wefeni, oko kukuthi:
Le=QL/Qfx 100%=(Qf-Q)/Qfx 100%(8)
Nangona uLeinokubonakalisa ukuvuza komoya kombhobho othile wokungenisa umoya wetonela, ayinakusetyenziswa njengesalathiso sokuthelekisa.Ke ngoko, isantya sokuvuza komoya esiziimitha ezili-100Le100idla ngokusetyenziswa ukuchaza:
Le100=[(Qf-Q)/Qf•L/100] x 100%(9)
Umyinge we-100 yeemitha zokuvuza komoya we-tunnel ventilation duct unikezwa ngumenzi we-duct kwinkcazo yepharamitha yemveliso yefektri.Ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka ukuba isantya sokuvuza komoya esiziimitha ezili-100 sombhobho wokungenisa umoya oguquguqukayo kufuneka sihlangabezane neemfuno zetheyibhile ilandelayo (jonga iTheyibhile 2).
Itheyibhile 2 Isantya sokuvuza komoya seemitha ezili-100 sombhobho wokuphefumla oguquguqukayo
| Umgama wokungenisa umoya(m) | <200 | 200-500 | 500-1000 | 1000-2000 | >2000 |
| Le100(%) | <15 | <10 | <3 | <2 | <1.5 |
b.Umthamo womoya osebenzayoEfUmbhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela: oko kukuthi, ipesenti yomthamo womoya wetonela wobuso betonela ukuya kumthamo womoya osebenzayo wefeni.
Ef=(Q/Qfx 100%
=[(Qf-QL)/Qf] x 100%
=(1-Le) x 100%(10)
Ukusuka kunxaki (9):Qf=100Q/(100-L•Le100) (11)
Faka endaweni yenxaki (11) kwinxaki (10) ukufumana:Ef=[(100-L•Le100)] x100%
=(1-L•Le100/100) x100% (12)
c.Ukuvuza komoya komlinganiso wombhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonelaΦ: Oko kukuthi, ukubuyiswa komthamo womoya osebenzayo wombhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela.
Φ=Qf/Q=1/Ef=1/(1-Le)=100/(100-L•Le100)
3.1.3 Umbhobho wokuphefumla wetonela ubukhulu
Ukukhethwa kobubanzi bombhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nomthamo wobonelelo lomoya, umgama wokubonelela komoya kunye nobukhulu becandelo letonela.Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, idiameter esemgangathweni ikhethwa ubukhulu becala ngokwemeko ehambelanayo kunye nobubanzi bendawo yokuphuma kwefeni.Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yokwakha itonela, iitonela ezinde ngakumbi zigrunjwa kunye namacandelo apheleleyo.Ukusetyenziswa kwemibhobho emikhulu yokungenisa umoya wokwakha kunokwenza lula kakhulu inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwetonela, ekhuthaza ukukhuthaza kunye nokusetyenziswa kokwembiwa kwecandelo elipheleleyo, iququzelele ukubunjwa kwemingxunya ngexesha elinye, igcina uninzi lwabasebenzi kunye nezixhobo, kwaye ilula kakhulu. ulawulo lokungenisa umoya, olusisisombululo kwiitonela ezinde.Imibhobho yokungenisa umoya yetonela yobubanzi obukhulu yeyona ndlela iphambili yokusombulula ukwakhiwa kwetonela elide lokungena komoya.
3.2 Misela iiparamitha zokusebenza zefeni efunekayo
3.2.1 Qinisekisa umthamo womoya osebenzayo wefeniQf
Qf=Φ•Q=[100/(100-L•Le100)]•Q (14)
3.2.2 Ukumisela uxinzelelo lomoya osebenzayo wefenihf
hf=R•Qa2=R•Qf•Q (15)
3.3 Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo
Ukukhethwa kwezixhobo zokungenisa umoya kufuneka kuqala kuthathelwe ingqalelo imowudi yokungena komoya kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zendlela yokungenisa umoya esetyenziswayo.Kwangaxeshanye, xa kukhethwa izixhobo, kukwafuneka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ukuba umthamo womoya ofunekayo kwitonela uhambelana nemilinganiselo yokusebenza yale mibhobho yokungenisa umoya yetonela ebalwa ngasentla kunye neefeni, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba oomatshini bokuphefumla kunye nezixhobo zifikelela kowona mgangatho uphezulu. ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho yamandla.
3.3.1 Ukukhetha abalandeli
a.Ekukhethweni kwabalandeli, abalandeli be-axial flow flow basetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yobukhulu babo obuncinci, ubunzima bokukhanya, ingxolo ephantsi, ukufakwa okulula kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu.
b.Umthamo womoya osebenzayo wefeni kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno zeQf.
c.Uxinzelelo lomoya osebenzayo wefeni kufuneka luhlangabezane neemfuno zehf, kodwa akufanele kube mkhulu kunoxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza lwefeni (iparamitha zefektri yefeni).
3.3.2 Ukukhetha umbhobho wokungenisa umoya wetonela
a.Imibhobho esetyenziselwa ukugrumba umoya wetonela yahlulahlulwe yaba yimibhobho yokungenisa umoya eguquguqukayo engenafreyim, imibhobho yokuphefumla ethambileyo enamathambo aqinileyo kunye nemibhobho yokuphefumla eqinile.I-frameless flexible ventilation duct ilula ngobunzima, kulula ukuyigcina, ukuphatha, ukudibanisa kunye nokumisa, kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ifanelekile kuphela kwi-press-in ventilation;Kwi-extraction ventilation, kuphela i-flexible and rigid ventilation ducts kunye ne-skeleton eqinile ingasetyenziswa.Ngenxa yeendleko zayo eziphezulu, ubunzima obukhulu, akulula ukugcina, ukuthutha kunye nokufakwa, ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo kwipasesi kuncinci.
b.Ukukhethwa kombhobho wokungenisa umoya kuqwalasela ukuba ububanzi bombhobho wokungenisa umoya buhambelana nobubanzi bokuphuma kwefeni.
c.Xa ezinye iimeko zingahlukanga kakhulu, kulula ukukhetha i-fan enokumelana nomoya ophantsi kunye nesantya esiphantsi sokuvuza komoya weemitha ezili-100.
Iza kuqhubeka......
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-19-2022
